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Physiology

Catechin reduces the risk of medication induced gastrointestinal ulcers

The protective effect against medication induced gastric ulcers by catechin, theaflavin, malvidin, cyanidin and apigenin were studied by Cheng et al. 2013 in vitro  using  human intestinal-407 cells and rat primary gastric cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as  ketoprofen and in vivo in rats. [1]

Greater carotenoids intake reduces ALS risk

Oxidative stress may be implied in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Foods high in carotenoids and vitamin C may, therefore help prevent or delay onset of ALS. [1]
Fitzgerald et al. 2012 report that high total major carotenoids intake reduces the risk of ALS. High dietary intakes of β-carotene and lutein were inversely associated with ALS risk.
 

Serotonin-rich food like bananas and chocolate may increase obesity

According to Grès et al.2013 serotonin-rich food like bananas and chocolate increases 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in blood. Serotonin is oxidized to 5-HT oxidation products which behave as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) controlling deposition in fat cells. [1]

Regularity of meals is an important cause of obesity

 Jodkowska et al. 2011 stresses that, the growing global epidemic of obesity among children, adolescents and adults is generally considered to be caused by inappropriate nutritional behaviour and too low level of physical activity. Nutritional behaviour include the content of the meal, the size of the portion of the product and the frequency of their consumption, the number, regularity and duration of the meals during the day, their preparation and their consumption, family meals. Watching television and using computers reduces energy expenditure.

Reduced consume of high-fructose corn syrup

The consume of high-fructose corn syrup in 2011 was the lowest amount since 1997. The average American ate 131 calories worth of corn sweeteners a day this year, down 16 percent from 2007, according to the USDA. [1]

Cannabis sativa and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Reports suggested a neuroprotective effect of the Cannabis sativa plant. The cannabis resin, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) acts on a G-protein coupled receptor in the brain. Endogenous cannabinoid compounds regulate the neuronal excitability. Researchers are hopeful that endocannabinoid-based therapies may reduce excitotoxic and oxidative cell damage as well as neuroinflammation. [1]

Cannabis, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer

The endocannabinoid system, including endogenous ligands ('endocannabinoids' ECs), their receptors, synthesizing and degrading enzymes, as well as transporter molecules, has been detected from the earliest stages of embryonic development and throughout pre- and postnatal development. [1]

The relation of foods and micronutrients to stroke

Micronutrients and stroke
According to Larson 2012 diets high in magnesium and potassium may reduce the risk of stroke. High intake of sodium increases the rosk of stroke. However, the role of specific fatty acids, dietary cholesterol, and combinations of vitamins in the aetiology of stroke is unclear. [1]

Long-chain omega-3 PUFAs

Tomato and tomato products high in lycopene decrease oxidative stress biomarkers

Martinez et al report that consuming 160 g/day tomato sauce with high lycopene content decreased levels  of oxidised LDL cholesterol by 9%. A commercial tomato sauce did not show such improvement. [1]

Serum concentration of  lycopene, blood pressure, general biochemical variables including total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides insulin and glucose concentrations did not varied between the consumption of high lycopene sauce and the commercial sauce.

Green Tea and amyloidosis

A 2012 study of the Medical Clinic Heidelberg/Germany looked at the effect of green tea on Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis, a heart disease. The disease is characterized by the deposition of amyloidogenic variants of the transthyretin protein, especially in the peripheral nervous system, causing a progressive sensory and motor polyneuropathy. In the absence of a liver transplant, amyloidosis is fatal. [1]

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