Nutrition

To predict the bodyweight time course the dynamic energy imbalances must be considered. Hall and colleagues 2011describe a mathematical model to simulates energy expenditure adaptations during weight loss, and a web-based simulator for prediction of weight change dynamics. [1]

Obesity, defined as a body-mass index of more than 30 kg/m2 in adults, increases worldwide. To help governments and other relevant institutions in choosing the best activities to counter the obesity epidemic, Gortmaker et al 2011 assessed quantitative models to calculate the effect of behaviours, interventions, and obesity reduction policies. [1]

Sun et al 2010 postulate that differences in processing and nutrients between  brown rice and white rice may have different effects on risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. [1]

Outdoor sports and physical activity in the heat are safe for most healthy children and adolescents given adequate preparation, modifications, and monitoring, says the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). [1]

Larsson, Virtamo and Wolk 2011, using data of The Cohort of Swedish Men study, found that  consumption of processed meat, but not of fresh red meat, was positively associated with risk of stroke and cerebral infarction. [1]

The authors excluded confounders such as  body mass index, aspirin use, history of diabetes and hypertension, alcohol consumption, and family history of heart disease, as well as subjects' smoking history and level of physical activity.

Sattelmair et al 2011 assessed the relation between quantity of the specific amounts of physical activity required and the reduction of coronary heart disease.  Previous studies showed only qualitative estimates such as low, moderate, and high physical activity. [1]

Spices were found to be potent antioxidant in vitro.  Skulas-Ray et al. 2011 examined the postprandial activity of spices on human markers of plasma antioxidant status and metabolism. [1]

A meal of chicken curry with 5060-kJ (1200 kcal) was seasoned with two table spoons (14 g) of a blend of  rosemary, oregano, cinnamon, turmeric, black pepper, cloves, garlic powder and paprika, Blood from the participants were taken every 30 minutes for 3.5 hours.

Rusty Rodriguez, a researcher at the United States Geological Survey (USGS) reports the development of  rice variety with increased tolerance to cold, salt and drought. Heat stress resistance has still to be added, because rice production is known to decreases by 10 percent for every temperature increase of 1-degree centigrade during the rice-growing season. [1]

Researchers found  new evidence from the Northern Manhattan Study connecting low vitamin D levels to atherosclerosis. Silverberg et al. 2011, report that D levels 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with increased intima-media and maximal carotid thickness in those with plaque. [1]

Nasri et al 2011 report a high content of gallic acid (1764 ± 174.3 mg per 100 g DW)  and rutin (890 ± 47.6 mg per 100 g DW) in Juniperus phoenicea berries  [1]

High  free radical scavenging activities were also found by the authors.  The authors stress that Juniperus phoenicea may be used as supplements or as an ingredient in pharmacy.