Food Supplements

Eroglu et al 2012 report that the breakdown products of beta-carotene are mostly vitamin A when breakdown happens centrally. However, if the breakdown takes place decentrally beta-apocarotenoids may be formed. These compounds act in opposition to vitamin A. [1]

According to Michelle Science et al. 2012 oral zinc formulations reduce the duration of cold symptoms in adults, but not in children. [1]

A report published by the CDC on April 2012 is based on 58 biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition measured by the CDC, together with NHANES data collected from 1999 until 2006. The concentration of vitamins, fatty acids, trace elements, metabolites, isoflavones, lignans, and acrylamide hemoglobin adducts were measured in blood or urine of demographic subgroups. [1]

Berni Canniri et al 2011 explain  links among early nutrition, epigenetic processes and diseases  in later life, suggesting that maternal and neonatal diet may have long-lasting effects in the development of diseases such as  insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, development and function of gut microbiota. [1]

The antioxidant combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) did not alter cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers related to beta-amyloid-42 (Aβ42), tau, or P-tau181 in a 16-week study of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), in a study of  Galasko et al. 2012. [1]

According to  the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) Coca-Cola, Pepsi-Cola, Diet Coke, and Diet Pepsi contain high levels of 4-methylimidazole (4-MI), a known animal carcinogen. Ammonia-sulfite caramel colouring E150d is the “caramel colouring”of colas. The carcinogen is formed when ammonia or ammonia and sulfites are used to manufacture the “caramel colouring” [1]

Healthy diet does not only reduce risk of heart disease, obesity and diabetes but has a deep impact on  psychiatric and neurologic conditions, such as depression and dementia. Many studies assessed the improving of cognitive function are related to this issue.

A study of Khulan et al. 2012 supports the hypothesis that undernutrition during gestation and infancy predisposes to ill health in later life. The  researchers suggest that micronutrient supplementation might be a cause of methylation of foetal genes which control the immune system. [1]

Debittered lupin flour up to 30% and whole buckwheat flour 10% could be used as a mixture with corn starch and rice flour mixture (1:1 w/w) to produce gluten-free cake. Protein, calcium, iron, manganese, phosphorus and zinc contents of the cakes were increased by the addition of lupin flour, and potassium and magnesium contents by the buckwheat flour content. The use of lupin and buckwheat flour has high acceptability in gluten-free cake increasing the nutritional value. [1]

Chronic oral exposure to nanoparticles may affect human health. Schuler et al. 2012 report that chronic and acute oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles influence iron uptake and iron transport through intestinal epithelium  in vitro and in vivo using a model.chicken. [1]