Dieting and Dietary Habits

Freedman et al. 2012 report that coffee consumption of 2 to 3 cups of coffee daily reduce mortality by 10% in men and by 13% in women. This was valid for deaths due to heart disease, respiratory disease, stroke, injuries and accidents, diabetes, and infections, but not for deaths due to cancer. [1]

Feeding experiments demonstrated that high breakfast energy leads to greater overall intake. Instead of comparing people which eat much with people which eat less for breakfast, the study of Schusdziarra  an colleagues focused on individuals. [1]

Dr. Eric A Davidson writes that meat consumption must be reduced. Fertiliser use and management of manure must change to avoid that the targets of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will not be met. [1]

Dunford et al 2012 verified the salt levels in fast food of some international fast food chains, such as Burger King, Domino's Pizza, Kentucky Fried Chicken, McDonald's, Pizza Hut, and Subway in Australia, Canada, France, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States during April 2010. [1]

The authors deplore substantial variation in the salt content of different food products, ranging from 0.5 g salt/100 g for salads to 1.6 g salt/100 g for chicken products.

A report published by the CDC on April 2012 is based on 58 biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition measured by the CDC, together with NHANES data collected from 1999 until 2006. The concentration of vitamins, fatty acids, trace elements, metabolites, isoflavones, lignans, and acrylamide hemoglobin adducts were measured in blood or urine of demographic subgroups. [1]

Berni Canniri et al 2011 explain  links among early nutrition, epigenetic processes and diseases  in later life, suggesting that maternal and neonatal diet may have long-lasting effects in the development of diseases such as  insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, development and function of gut microbiota. [1]

Coeliac disease widespread in the western world, Eastern Europe and Asia at rates of 1% and 1.44% of north Indians. Armstrong, Hegade and Robins 2012 write that genes related to coeliac disease also overlap with other autoimmune diseases. Human leukocyte antigen genotyping increases sensitivity in detecting coeliac disease in atypical cases. The authors also describe proinflammatory pitfalls of vitamin A supplementation in active coeliac disease. [1]

According to Golomb et al 2012 some studies found omega-3 fatty acids to be associated with increased agreeableness and reduced impulsivity. [1]

Mena et al 2012 report the development of  new competitive R5 ELISA which uses the extracting solution called UPEX (universal prolamin and glutelin extractant solution). The authors claim that the new assay produces  better results than the sandwich R5 ELISA for detecting gliadins quantitatively in hydrolysed foods, and may be used forcomplete gluten analysis in any kind of food. [1]

A study of Pan et al. 2012 supports the long ongoing hypothesis that red meat consumption increases the risk of total, CVD, and cancer mortality. The data of more than 120.000 observations and dietary habits of 2 prospective cohort studies over the course of 20-30 years demonstrate that people eating daily red meats, such as hot dogs, sausages and other processed  red meats, had a 20% increase in mortality rate. [1]